Cognitive Learning & Discovery Learning Notes

Telangana TET 2026 – Child Development and Pedagogy

30 MCQ Quiz with Answers

Practice Set – 1

Instructions:
Select the correct option for each question and click on Check Answer to see the answer key.

After clicking Check Answer, the correct answer, explanation and an additional fact will appear immediately below that question.

1. Human growth and development are products of—

A. Both Heredity and Environment B. Heredity only C. Environment only D. Neither Heredity nor Environment

2. The principle of growth and development that says development goes from womb to tomb is—

A. Principle of individual differences B. Principle of continuity C. Principle of uniformity of pattern D. Principle of interrelation

3. The lymphatic system, which is involved in the elimination of waste and destruction of bacteria in the body, reaches its maximum development by the age of—

A. 4 years B. 6 years C. 8 years D. 12 years

4. Among the following cognitive characteristics proposed by Piaget, the one that appears early is—

A. Conservation B. Reversibility C. Object permanence D. Abstraction

5. The child during this stage of Kohlberg's moral development tries to obey parents and elders purely to avoid punishment. This stage is—

A. Stage III B. Stage I C. Stage IV D. Stage V

6. Identify the INCORRECT statement relating to 'personality'.

A. Personality is a product of heredity and environment. B. Factors like stress and anxiety cause personality disorders. C. Personality cannot be changed or modified. D. Personality includes behaviour patterns of cognitive, affective and conative domains.

7. Assembling a furniture piece following a step-by-step process in the manual is an example of—

A. Convergent thinking B. Divergent thinking C. Innovative thinking D. Creative thinking

8. Thurstone's equal appearing interval scale is used to measure—

A. Aptitude B. Intelligence C. Habit D. Attitude

9. A person who did not get promotion saying, “Anyway I did not want to take such stressful job” is using this defence mechanism—

A. Repression B. Rationalisation C. Regression D. Displacement

10. A person who is feeling envious of his friend's achievement, reflecting inward and thinking, “I am jealous of feeling insecure about my own achievement or progress” is using this method—

A. Experimentation B. Introspection C. Case study D. Rating scale

11. Behaviour modified because of this does NOT reflect learning—

A. Drugs B. Experience C. Practice D. Imitation

12. One among the following influences learning comes under the category of ‘men and material resources’.

A. Proper seating arrangement B. Basic potential of the learner C. Goals of life D. Level of aspiration

13. In Thorndike's experiment with the cat that led to the development of Trial and Error theory, 'hunger' of the cat is—

A. Goal B. Block C. Fixation D. Drive

14. Tommy, a dog which runs to the front door barking every time it hears the doorbell ring, rushed to the front door barking when it heard doorbell ring in a TV programme. This is an example of which principle of the theory of classical conditioning?

A. Stimulus discrimination B. Reinforcement C. Extinction D. Stimulus generalisation

15. To keep her child motivated to learn, a mother rewards her for every successful completion of any task. The reinforcement schedule followed by the mother is—

A. Fixed interval reinforcement schedule B. Fixed ratio reinforcement schedule C. Continuous reinforcement schedule D. Variable reinforcement schedule

Questions 16–30

Child Development and Pedagogy

16. The theory of this psychologist emphasises that most of what we learn is acquired through simply watching and listening to other people.

A. Skinner B. Thorndike C. Bandura D. Pavlov

17. A thing cannot be understood by study of its constituent parts but only by the study of it as a totality or whole is the basic idea of which theory of learning?

A. Theory of classical conditioning B. Theory of insightful learning C. Trial and error learning D. Theory of operant conditioning

18. Thirty-year-old Ravi every day after returning from office plays cricket with the boys in the community irrespective of the age gap. He has with them as he gets lots of satisfaction in playing the game. This is an example of this type of motivation—

A. Extrinsic B. Unnatural C. Abnormal D. Intrinsic

19. According to Ebbinghaus, the percentage of nonsense syllables that he forgot with a lapse of 20 minutes' time is—

A. 66% B. 72% C. 47% D. 75%

20. If learning of Telugu vocabulary and grammatical structures helps in learning Kannada quickly, it is—

A. Negative transfer of learning B. Zero transfer of learning C. Positive transfer of learning D. Bilateral transfer of learning

21. The type of learning disability where the child shows reading difficulty like reading 'it' as 'hit' and 'was' as 'saw' is—

A. Dysgraphia B. Dyslexia C. Dyscalculia D. Dyspraxia

22. One among the following is NOT a step in the 'Survey' method—

A. Deciding survey design B. Data collection C. Reporting D. Approving or rejecting findings

23. One among the following is NOT a technique that is suitable for individual learning—

A. Altering instructional materials B. Enrichment programmes C. Technology-based learning D. Uniform method for everyone

24. One among the following is NOT an attribute of learner-centric method—

A. Dissemination B. Active C. Reflective D. Constructive

25. One among the following contains blackboard work plan—

A. Lesson plan B. Annual plan C. Unit plan D. Term plan

26. Actions and reactions are the operations of this phase of teaching—

A. Interactive B. Pre-active C. Post-active D. Initiative

27. One among the following category of 'time' is almost same for all schools all over the state—

A. Transition time B. Available time C. Engaged time D. Academic learning time

28. One among the following is NOT a characteristic of 'good' evaluation—

A. Valid B. Reliable C. Subjective D. Practical

29. One among the following does NOT come under the 'specified category' school as per Section 2 of the RTE Act, 2009—

A. Kendriya Vidyalaya B. Navodaya Vidyalaya C. Sainik School D. Government aided school

30. According to Bruner, in this mode an individual develops understanding through active manipulation of objects—

A. Enactive B. Iconic C. Symbolic D. Verbal

How to use: Select an option and click Check Answer. The correct answer, explanation and additional fact will appear immediately below the question. A complete answer key and detailed explanations are also provided below.

Answer Key – 30 Questions

1. A

2. B

3. D

4. C

5. B

6. C

7. A

8. D

9. B

10. B

11. A

12. A

13. D

14. D

15. C

16. C

17. B

18. D

19. A

20. C

21. B

22. D

23. D

24. A

25. A

26. A

27. B

28. C

29. D

30. A

Answer Key with Explanations & Additional Facts

Useful concepts for TET examination preparation

1. Both Heredity and Environment

Human growth and development are influenced by both heredity and environment. Heredity provides biological characteristics through genetic inheritance, while environment includes nutrition, family, education, social surroundings and other experiences.

Additional Fact: Development is generally considered the result of the interaction between hereditary factors and environmental influences.

2. Principle of Continuity

The principle of continuity states that development is a continuous process. It begins before birth and continues throughout life. This is expressed in the familiar phrase “from womb to tomb”.

Additional Fact: Development does not normally occur as a single sudden event; different aspects of development progress over time.

3. 12 years

The answer given in the supplied answer key is 12 years.

Additional Fact: The lymphatic system is associated with immune functions and includes structures such as lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus and spleen.

4. Object Permanence

Object permanence refers to the understanding that an object continues to exist even when it is not directly visible. In Piaget's theory, it develops during the sensorimotor period.

Additional Fact: Piaget's sensorimotor stage covers infancy and is associated with learning through sensory experiences and motor actions.

5. Stage I

Kohlberg's Stage I is associated with punishment and obedience orientation. Behaviour is judged largely in terms of avoiding punishment and obeying authority.

Additional Fact: Kohlberg proposed three broad levels of moral development: pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional.

6. Personality cannot be changed or modified

The answer key identifies this as the incorrect statement. Personality is not necessarily a completely fixed entity; aspects of personality can change with development and experience.

Additional Fact: Personality is commonly discussed in relation to patterns of behaviour, thoughts and emotions.

7. Convergent Thinking

Convergent thinking focuses on arriving at a particular solution or outcome by following an appropriate process. Following a step-by-step manual provides a defined procedure for reaching the required result.

Additional Fact: Divergent thinking generally involves producing multiple possible ideas or solutions.

8. Attitude

Thurstone's Equal Appearing Interval method is associated with attitude measurement. It uses statements representing different degrees of an attitude and asks judges to position them along an attitude continuum.

Additional Fact: Attitude scales are commonly used in educational and psychological research to measure attitudes toward particular objects, ideas or issues.

9. Rationalisation

Rationalisation is a defence mechanism in which a person gives a seemingly logical explanation for behaviour, feelings or an outcome rather than acknowledging an uncomfortable reason.

Additional Fact: The example in the question involves providing an explanation for not receiving a promotion.

10. Introspection

Introspection means examining and reflecting on one's own thoughts, feelings and mental experiences.

Additional Fact: The method involves looking inward at one's own conscious experiences.

11. Drugs

The answer key identifies drugs as the factor that does not represent learning. A temporary behaviour change produced by a chemical effect is different from a relatively enduring change associated with learning.

Additional Fact: Learning is generally described as a relatively enduring change in behaviour or behavioural potential resulting from experience or practice.

12. Proper Seating Arrangement

Proper seating arrangement is part of the physical classroom environment and therefore falls under the category of material resources influencing learning.

Additional Fact: Classroom organization can influence visibility, interaction, movement and opportunities for participation.

13. Drive

In Thorndike's learning experiment, hunger creates a motivating condition that encourages the animal to act. In learning psychology, such a motivating condition is described as a drive.

Additional Fact: Thorndike's puzzle-box experiments contributed to his Trial and Error theory of learning.

14. Stimulus Generalisation

Stimulus generalisation occurs when a response learned in the presence of one stimulus is also produced in response to another similar stimulus.

Additional Fact: Stimulus discrimination is the contrasting process in which an organism learns to respond differently to distinct stimuli.

15. Continuous Reinforcement Schedule

In continuous reinforcement, reinforcement is provided each time the desired response occurs. The question describes rewarding the child after every successful completion of a task.

Additional Fact: Continuous reinforcement is different from intermittent reinforcement, in which reinforcement is provided only on some occasions.

16. Bandura

Albert Bandura is strongly associated with observational learning. His theory emphasizes learning through observing the behaviour of others and its consequences.

Additional Fact: Bandura's famous work on observational learning demonstrated the importance of modelling in learning.

17. Theory of Insightful Learning

Insight learning emphasizes understanding a problem as a whole rather than merely learning through a sequence of trial-and-error responses.

Additional Fact: Wolfgang Köhler's studies with chimpanzees are historically associated with the concept of insight learning.

18. Intrinsic Motivation

Intrinsic motivation arises from within the individual. In the question, Ravi participates in cricket because he gets satisfaction from playing the game itself rather than because of an external reward.

Additional Fact: Extrinsic motivation, by contrast, is associated with external rewards, recognition or consequences.

19. 66%

The supplied answer key gives 66% for Ebbinghaus's question concerning the percentage of nonsense syllables forgotten after a 20-minute interval.

Additional Fact: Hermann Ebbinghaus conducted influential experimental research on human memory and forgetting and is associated with the forgetting curve.

20. Positive Transfer of Learning

Positive transfer occurs when previous learning helps a person learn or perform a new task. Here, learning Telugu vocabulary and grammatical structures is described as helping the learning of Kannada.

Additional Fact: Negative transfer occurs when previous learning interferes with new learning, while zero transfer indicates little or no significant effect.

21. Dyslexia

Dyslexia is a learning difficulty primarily associated with reading and word recognition. Difficulties may occur in accurate and fluent reading and decoding.

Additional Fact: Dysgraphia is associated with difficulties involving writing, while dyscalculia is associated with difficulties involving mathematical skills.

22. Approving or Rejecting Findings

The supplied answer key identifies approving or rejecting findings as the option that is not a step in the Survey method.

Additional Fact: Survey research commonly involves planning the survey, collecting information, analysing the information and reporting findings.

23. Uniform Method for Everyone

Individual learning recognizes differences among learners. A uniform method for everyone does not specifically accommodate individual differences.

Additional Fact: Individualized learning may involve adapting instructional materials, learning activities, pacing or support according to learner needs.

24. Dissemination

The answer key identifies dissemination as the option that is not an attribute of a learner-centric method.

Additional Fact: Learner-centred approaches generally emphasize active participation, reflection, construction of knowledge and meaningful involvement of learners.

25. Lesson Plan

A lesson plan generally provides the detailed plan for a particular classroom lesson and can include the work to be presented on the blackboard.

Additional Fact: A lesson plan may include objectives, teaching-learning activities, instructional materials, assessment and classroom procedures.

26. Interactive

The interactive phase of teaching involves classroom interaction between the teacher and learners. Actions and reactions occur during this phase.

Additional Fact: The pre-active phase is generally associated with planning, while the post-active phase involves activities such as evaluation and reflection after teaching.

27. Available Time

Available time refers to the amount of scheduled time available for instruction. The answer key identifies available time as the category that is almost the same for schools across the state.

Additional Fact: Engaged time and academic learning time can vary depending on student participation, classroom activities and the effectiveness of learning opportunities.

28. Subjective

The answer key identifies subjective as the characteristic that is not associated with good evaluation. Good evaluation is generally expected to have qualities such as validity, reliability and practicality.

Additional Fact: Validity concerns whether an assessment measures what it is intended to measure, while reliability concerns consistency of measurement.

29. Government aided school

The supplied answer key identifies Government aided school as the answer to this question concerning the specified category under Section 2 of the RTE Act, 2009.

Additional Fact: The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 is commonly known as the RTE Act and concerns the right to free and compulsory elementary education for children within the specified age group.

30. Enactive

Bruner's enactive mode represents understanding through action. It involves learning by doing and manipulating objects or performing actions.

Additional Fact: Bruner also described iconic representation, associated with images, and symbolic representation, associated with symbols and language.

Telangana TET 2026
Child Development and Pedagogy – 30 MCQ Quiz
Practice Set – 1